Types and uses of copper Differences between pure copper and brass
Types and uses of copper Differences between pure copper and brass
Copper is a very important metal in production and life. In my country, copper and copper alloys are usually classified by color, mainly red copper, brass, bronze and nickel silver. Red copper is pure copper; brass refers to an alloy based on copper and zinc; bronze refers to a copper-based alloy other than copper-nickel and copper-zinc alloys; nickel silver refers to a copper-nickel alloy. What are the characteristics and uses of red copper, brass, bronze and nickel silver? What is the difference between pure copper and brass?
1.Types and uses of copper
The main types of copper are red copper, brass, bronze and nickel silver.
1. Red copper
Also known as red copper, it is a single substance of copper. It is rose red in color and purple after the oxide film is formed on the surface, so it is generally called red copper. Chinese red copper processing materials can be divided into four categories according to their composition: ordinary red copper (T1, T2, T3, T4), oxygen-free copper (TU1, TU2 and high-purity, vacuum oxygen-free copper), deoxidized copper (TUP, TUMn), and special copper with a small amount of alloy elements added (arsenic copper, tellurium copper, silver copper). Red copper has good electrical and thermal conductivity, excellent plasticity, and is easy to hot press and cold press processing. It is widely used in the manufacture of wires, cables, brushes, special electro-etching copper for electric sparks and other products that require good electrical conductivity.
Also known as red copper, it is a single substance of copper. It is rose red in color and purple after the oxide film is formed on the surface, so it is generally called red copper. Chinese red copper processing materials can be divided into four categories according to their composition: ordinary red copper (T1, T2, T3, T4), oxygen-free copper (TU1, TU2 and high-purity, vacuum oxygen-free copper), deoxidized copper (TUP, TUMn), and special copper with a small amount of alloy elements added (arsenic copper, tellurium copper, silver copper). Red copper has good electrical and thermal conductivity, excellent plasticity, and is easy to hot press and cold press processing. It is widely used in the manufacture of wires, cables, brushes, special electro-etching copper for electric sparks and other products that require good electrical conductivity.
2. Brass
Brass is an alloy composed of copper and zinc, with a beautiful yellow color. Brass composed of copper and zinc is called ordinary brass, and alloys composed of two or more elements are called special brass. Brass has strong wear resistance and is often used to make valves, water pipes, air conditioner internal and external unit connection pipes and radiators.
Brass is an alloy composed of copper and zinc, with a beautiful yellow color. Brass composed of copper and zinc is called ordinary brass, and alloys composed of two or more elements are called special brass. Brass has strong wear resistance and is often used to make valves, water pipes, air conditioner internal and external unit connection pipes and radiators.
3. Bronze
Bronze is the earliest alloy in the history of metal smelting. It is an alloy of pure copper (red copper) with tin or lead added. It has special importance and historical significance. The main varieties are tin bronze, aluminum bronze, and special bronze (also known as high copper alloy). Compared with pure copper (red copper), bronze has high strength and low melting point (25% tin smelting bronze will reduce the melting point to 800'C. The melting point of pure copper (red copper) is 1083℃). Bronze has good castability, wear resistance and stable chemical properties. It is suitable for casting various utensils, mechanical parts, bearings, gears, etc.
Bronze is the earliest alloy in the history of metal smelting. It is an alloy of pure copper (red copper) with tin or lead added. It has special importance and historical significance. The main varieties are tin bronze, aluminum bronze, and special bronze (also known as high copper alloy). Compared with pure copper (red copper), bronze has high strength and low melting point (25% tin smelting bronze will reduce the melting point to 800'C. The melting point of pure copper (red copper) is 1083℃). Bronze has good castability, wear resistance and stable chemical properties. It is suitable for casting various utensils, mechanical parts, bearings, gears, etc.
4. Cupronickel
Cupronickel is a copper-based alloy with nickel as the main added element. It is silvery white and has a metallic luster, hence the name cupronickel. Copper and nickel can be infinitely dissolved in each other to form a continuous solid solution, that is, no matter how much the proportion is, it is always an a-single-phase alloy. When nickel is melted into red copper and the content exceeds 16%, the color of the resulting alloy becomes as white as silver. The higher the nickel content, the whiter the color. The nickel content in cupronickel is generally 25%.
Cupronickel is a copper-based alloy with nickel as the main added element. It is silvery white and has a metallic luster, hence the name cupronickel. Copper and nickel can be infinitely dissolved in each other to form a continuous solid solution, that is, no matter how much the proportion is, it is always an a-single-phase alloy. When nickel is melted into red copper and the content exceeds 16%, the color of the resulting alloy becomes as white as silver. The higher the nickel content, the whiter the color. The nickel content in cupronickel is generally 25%.
The copper-nickel binary alloy is called ordinary white copper; the white copper alloy with manganese, iron, zinc, aluminum and other elements is called complex white copper. Industrial white copper is divided into two categories: structural white copper and electrical white copper. The characteristics of structural white copper are good mechanical properties and corrosion resistance, and beautiful color. This white copper is widely used in the manufacture of precision machinery, chemical machinery and ship components. Electrical white copper generally has good thermoelectric properties. Manganese copper, constantan and copper are manganese white coppers with different manganese contents. They are materials used to manufacture precision electrical instruments, varistors, precision resistors, strain gauges, thermocouples, etc.
2. Differences between pure copper and brass
1. Different definitions: brass is an alloy of copper and zinc; pure copper is the copper with the highest copper content.
2. Different colors: brass is light golden yellow; pure copper is purple-red.
3. Different copper content: the copper content in brass is about 60%; the copper content in pure copper is 99.5~99.95%. 4. Different density: the density of brass is 8.52-8.93g/cm', and the density of pure copper is 7.62-7.83g/cm'
Vacuum coating: processes and applications
